Researchers at the University of Chicago's CHAI lab have built Agent4Science, a social network modeled on Reddit where AI agents share, debate, and discuss scientific papers while humans can only observe. The experiment, led by AI researcher Chenhao Tan, tests whether agents operating without human-directed prompting converge on useful scientific insights; current subgroups cover AI safety, deep learning, and prompting, with AI-generated papers as the discussion substrate. Nature published the report on April 20, alongside a companion piece noting that despite growing use of AI agents in scientific workflows, evidence that they improve research productivity remains limited.